Category archives: Science

Probing unknown unknowns: A new generation of telescopes

Probing unknown unknowns: A new generation of telescopes

AstronomyAstrophysics

By Invited Researcher

Author: Richard Massey, Professor of extragalactic astrophysics (dark matter and cosmology), Durham University In recent decades, we’ve learnt huge amounts about the universe and its history. The rapidly developing technology of telescopes – both on Earth and in space – has been a key part of this process, and those that are due to start […]

CASZ1 promotes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

CASZ1 promotes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Biomedicine

By Invited Researcher

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy that results from transformation and clonal expansion of developmentally-arrested T-cell progenitors . Conventional risk-adjusted multi-agent chemotherapy allows for high 5-year event-free survival rates in children. However, a significant number of patients still relapse or do not respond to therapy. Consequently, there have been considerable efforts […]

Quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories

Quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories

Condensed matterDIPC Quantum SystemsQuantum physics

By DIPC

A gauge theory is any number of quantum field theories put forward to explain fundamental interactions. In these theories the interactions between particles can be explained by the exchange of particles such as gluons, photons, and W and Z bosons. A gauge theory involves a symmetry group for the fields and potentials (the gauge group) […]

Increasing effects of global warming found on wildfire dynamics

Increasing effects of global warming found on wildfire dynamics

EconomicsPhysicsPlanetary ScienceSociology

By Mapping Ignorance

Climate change is increasingly influencing fire behaviour worldwide and intensifying fire smoke, endangering public health from air pollution caused by fires. These are the results of two new climate change impact attribution studies, both published in Nature Climate Change, with the involvement of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research PIK. The first study finds […]

A photonic axion insulator in a 3D photonic crystal

A photonic axion insulator in a 3D photonic crystal

Condensed matterDIPC Advanced materials

By DIPC

Topological insulators are materials with special universal properties, which are protected against perturbations. Such properties are theoretically described by topology, a branch of mathematics concerned with the properties of geometrical objects that are unchanged by continuous deformations. Concretely, topological insulators are electronic materials that have a bulk band gap like an ordinary insulator but have […]

Machine learning cracked the protein-folding problem and won the 2024 Nobel Prize in chemistry

Machine learning cracked the protein-folding problem and won the 2024 Nobel Prize in chemistry

BiochemistryBiologyChemistryComputer science

By Invited Researcher

Author: Marc Zimmer, Professor of Chemistry, Connecticut College The 2024 Nobel Prize in chemistry recognized Demis Hassabis, John Jumper and David Baker for using machine learning to tackle one of biology’s biggest challenges: predicting the 3D shape of proteins and designing them from scratch. This year’s award stood out because it honored research that originated […]

New linear optics of particle accelerators using Moebius transformation

New linear optics of particle accelerators using Moebius transformation

MathematicsParticle physicsPhysics

By Invited Researcher

The propagation of light -observed and governed since ancient times by simple lens construction- has long been described through classical geometrical optics. However, in particle accelerators we do not transport photons but beams of electrically charged particles subjected to repulsive forces that tend to unpack the particle beams. Optics of particle accelerators require electromagnetic lenses […]